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Multi-effect evaporation process
Multi-effect evaporation process
Multi-effect evaporation principle
In the evaporation production, the production of secondary vapor is larger, and contains a lot of latent heat, so it should be recovered and used, if the secondary vapor is passed into the heating room of another evaporator, as long as the latter's operating pressure and solution boiling point is lower than the operating pressure and boiling point in the original evaporator, then the secondary vapor passed into the evaporator can still play a heating role, this operation is multi-effect evaporation.
Multi-effect evaporation in each evaporator is called a effect. Where the evaporator that passes into the heating steam is called the first effect, the evaporator that uses the second vapor of the first effect as the heating agent is called the second effect, and so on. The purpose of using multi-effect evaporator is to save the consumption of heating steam. Theoretically, 1kg of heating steam can evaporate about 1kg of water.
But because there is heat loss, and the latent heat of vaporization of water in the separation chamber is larger than the latent heat of condensation in the heating chamber, therefore, in practice, evaporating 1kg of water requires more than 1kg of heating steam. according to experience, the economy of steam (U=W/D), single effect is 0.91; double effect is 1.76; three effect is 2.5: four effect is 3.33; five effect is 3.71, etc.. It can be seen that as the number of effects increases, the growth rate of W/D gradually decreases, however, as the number of effects increases, the temperature difference loss of heat transfer increases, which makes the production intensity of evaporator drop greatly and the equipment cost increases exponentially. When the number of effects increases to a certain degree, the cost of evaporation saved due to the increase in the number of effects may outweigh the cost compared with the added equipment cost.
Multi-effect evaporation process
The first effect of multi-effect evaporation is heated by primary steam, and the secondary steam generated from the first effect is used as the heating steam of the second effect, while the heating room of the second effect is equivalent to the condenser of the first effect, and the secondary steam generated from the second effect is used as the heating steam of the third effect, so that multiple evaporators are connected in series, and multi-effect evaporation is formed. Because the operation pressure of the evaporation room in the multi-effect operation is reduced one by one, so the last effect of the multi-effect evaporator in the production is connected with the vacuum device. The heating steam temperature of each effect and the boiling point of the solution are also reduced in turn, while the concentration of the finished liquid is increased effect by effect. The secondary steam of the last effect enters the condenser and is removed by condensing into water with water cooling.
Multi-effect flow diagram
Multi-effect evaporation process
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