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Defluoridation process
Defluoridation process
I. Process introduction
There are several treatment methods for high concentration fluorinated wastewater at home and abroad, and the common ones are adsorption and precipitation methods. Among them, precipitation method is mainly applied to the treatment of industrial fluorinated wastewater, and adsorption method is mainly used for the treatment of dry drinking water. There are also freezing method, ion exchange method, ultrafiltration fluoride removal method, electric coagulation method, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis technology and other methods.
The methods used more often in industry are mainly chemical precipitation method and flocculation precipitation method. Chemical precipitation method is generally used to treat high concentration of fluorinated wastewater, which is more widely used because of simple operation and good effect at low cost. Contrary to chemical precipitation method, coagulation sedimentation method is generally only applicable to the treatment of wastewater with low fluorine content. High-concentration fluorine wastewater should first go through chemical precipitation method for primary treatment, and then use coagulation sedimentation method to remove fluorine again.
Second, process principle
1、Aluminium sulfate coagulation and precipitation for fluoride removal
1.1 Principle
(1) adsorption, aluminum salt flocculation defluoridation process generated by a large surface area of unqualified Al (OH) 3, progenitor of fluorine produced hydrogen bonding adsorption, fluorine ion radius is small, electronegativity, this adsorption method is easy to produce.
(2) ion exchange, F- and OH- similar radius, the same charge, in the aluminum salt flocculation fluoride removal process, cast into the water, Al304 and other polycations and hydrolysis after the formation of qualitatively free Al (OH) 3 precipitation, where the OH- and F- exchange.
(3) Complexation precipitation F- can form complexes with Al3+ and other complexes, complexation precipitation and removal of fluorine.
1.2 The fluorine removal effect of aluminum sulfate
The main reason for the poor fluorine removal effect of aluminum sulfate is that the aluminum hydroxide colloid generated by using aluminum sulfate as coagulant does not settle well, and the required settling time is long, and the F- adsorbed on the aluminum hydroxide colloid is desorbed. In the coagulation process, the purpose of adding coagulant polyacrylamide (PMA) is to produce more charged parts on the aluminum hydroxide colloid, which is conducive to the adsorption of F-. At the same time, due to the repulsive force of homogeneous charges on the charged parts, the polymer chain is extended to the maximum length, which is conducive to bridging and improves the coagulation effect.
2. Fluoride removal by calcium fluoride precipitation
For high concentration of fluorine industrial wastewater, calcium precipitation method is generally used, that is, lime is added to the wastewater, so that fluorine ions and calcium ions generate CaF2 precipitation and remove. This process has the advantages of simple method, convenient treatment and low cost.
Defluoridation process
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